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Raid on Charles Town
The Raid on Charles Town or Spanish raid on New Providence was a Spanish naval expedition on 19 January 1684 (O.S.) led by the Cuban corsair Juan de Alarcón against the English privateering stronghold of Charles Town (later renamed Nassau), capital of the Bahamas.
The Bahamas harbored pirates and privateers who preyed on Spanish ships.〔Mancke/Shammas p. 255〕 Governor Clarke, described as "one of Cromwell's officers"〔 justified privateering as necessary for the colony's defense, but in one letter of marque he authorized offensive attacks on Spanish holdings far from the Bahamas.〔 Clarke's encouragement of privateering contravened and jeopardized the 1667 and 1670 treaties of Madrid, which established peace between the English and Spanish.〔 On 19 January 1684 (O.S.) a Spanish expedition reduced the Bahamian settlements and defenses to ruins, carrying off the governor in chains, together with the inhabitants. Clarke was tortured to death and his body was roasted after an approved judgement set by the Inquisition.〔Seitz p. 104〕John Oldmixon claimed that Clarke died being roasted on a spit after the Spaniards had killed him.〔Craton/Saunders p. 99〕〔McCusker p. 179〕
The Bahamas subsequently remained devoid of any recognizable English presence until December 1686, when a small contingent from Jamaica under the preacher Thomas Bridges reoccupied New Providence Island, and more colonists gradually joined them.〔
==Background==
Spain's corsair Juan de Alarcón stealthily approached to New Providence with a commission issued by Governor José Fernández de Córdoba and a pair of ''barcos luengos'' carrying 200 men. Having seized a woodcutting sloop off the island of Andros, de Larco compelled its master William Bell to pilot in via the eastern channel, at daybreak Larco disembarked 150 men within a half-mile outside Charles Town (later Nassau), while his corsair ships bore down upon the six vessels anchored in its harbor.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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